The difference between a dynamic and a condenser microphone is a dynamic microphone is better for capturing loud, strong sounds (drums or loud vocals), particularly in a live setting, whereas a condenser microphone is used to capture more delicate sounds and higher frequencies (studio vocals)
![Image result for dynamic vs condenser mics](https://1zvq3i19qvj53cofb61oncb1-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com//wp-content/uploads/2018/12/dynamic-vs-condenser-diaphragm.png)
Dynamic Mics use a diaphragm, voice-coil and magnet to pick up and convert sound waves into an electrical signal, dynamic mics are the industry standard for being sturdy and nigh unbreakable.
![Dynamic Microphone - Teach Me Audio](https://www.teachmeaudio.com/application/files/7115/8703/3723/shure-sm58-dynamic-vocalist-microphone.jpg)
Condenser Mics on the other hand, use an electrically charged diaphragm which is caused to vibrate by soundwaves and are much more fragile, condenser mics have a cradle to stop it from making contact with the stand which would in turn make it pick up the vibrations from around the room.
![Rode NT1-A Large-diaphragm Condenser Microphone | Sweetwater](https://media.sweetwater.com/api/i/q-82__ha-4a2b7ad75ce1e8c1__hmac-9ba75fef7da87911721fa8d181832c786a0e1744/images/items/750/NT1AAnniv-large.jpg)
Source used: https://bothners.co.za/dynamic-vs-condenser-mics-a-basic-introduction/